What component of an expert system allows it to answer questions and make predictions?

The inference engine is a crucial component of an expert system that enables it to process information and reach conclusions. It works by applying logical rules to the knowledge stored in the knowledge base, which contains domain-specific information and expertise. The inference engine simulates the reasoning process of a human expert by using this knowledge to draw inferences, solve problems, and answer queries.

When a user inputs a question or data, the inference engine evaluates the information against the established rules in the knowledge base. It determines the best course of action or prediction based on this interaction, allowing the system to provide reliable answers or solutions. This component essentially acts as the system's brain, combining reasoning skills with the repository of knowledge, thereby letting the expert system function effectively as an intelligent assistant.