How does the number of neurons in artificial neural networks compare to human brains?

The statement that artificial neural networks have fewer neurons than human brains accurately reflects the current state of technology and neuroscience. Human brains are incredibly complex, housing approximately 86 billion neurons, each capable of forming numerous connections with other neurons. These neurons enable a vast range of cognitive processes, sensory perception, and motor functions.

In contrast, artificial neural networks, while inspired by the brain's structure, consist of orders of magnitude fewer computational units, or "neurons." Even the most advanced neural networks used in state-of-the-art machine learning applications may only contain millions of these artificial neurons at most.

This difference underscores the limitations of current artificial neural network models. They can mimic certain functionalities of human cognition, but they operate at a much simpler scale than the biological neural networks found in the human brain. Hence, the understanding of neuron comparison leads to the conclusion that artificial neural networks are significantly less complex in terms of the number of neurons when compared to their biological counterparts.